Nikolaas II fan Ruslân: ferskil tusken ferzjes
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Nije Side: {{wurk}} thumb|Nikolaas II (fotograaf: A. A. Pasetti), 1898 '''Nikolaas II Aleksandrovitsj''' (Russysk: Николай II Александро... |
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[[Ofbyld:Tsar Nicholas II -1898.jpg|thumb|Nikolaas II (fotograaf: A. A. Pasetti), 1898]]
'''Nikolaas II Aleksandrovitsj''' ([[Russysk]]: Николай II Александрович, ''Nikol<u>a</u>j II Aleks<u>a</u>ndrovitsj'') ([[Tsarskoje Selo]], [[18 maaie]] [[1868]] – [[Jekaterinenboarch]], [[17 july]] [[1918]]) wie de lêste [[tsaar]] fan [[Keizerryk Ruslân]], [[grutfoarst]] fan [[Grutfoarstendom Finlân|Finlân]] en titulêre [[kening]] fan [[Poalen]].
Nicholas II ruled from 1894 until his [[abdikaasje]] op 2 maart 1917.<ref>2 March 1917 in the Julian Calendar then in use in Russia, which is the same day as 15 maart 1917 in the Gregorian Calendar used elsewhere at that time.</ref> His reign saw Imperial Russia go from being one of the foremost grutmachten fan de wrâld to economic and military collapse. Hy krige de bynamme '''Bloody Nicholas''' because of the [[Kodynka Tragedy]], [[Bloody Sunday (1905)|Bloody Sunday]], the [[anti-Semitic]] [[pogroms]], his execution of political opponents, and his pursuit of military campaigns on a hitherto unprecedented scale.
Under his rule, Russia was defeated in the [[Russysk-Japanske Kriich]], including the almost total annihilation of the Russian fleet at the [[Slach fan Tsusjima]]. As head of state, he approved the Russian mobilization of August 1914, which marked the beginning of Russia's involvement in [[Earste Wrâldkriich]], a war in which 3.3 million Russians were killed.<ref>Urlanis, Boris (1971). ''Wars and Population''. Moscow</ref> The Russian Imperial Army's severe losses and the monarchy's incompetent handling of the war, along with other policies directed by Nicholas during his reign, are often cited as the leading causes of the fall of the [[Romanov]]dynasty.
Nicholas II abdicated following the [[Febrewarisrevolúsje]] of 1917 during which he and his family were imprisoned first in the [[Alexander Palace]] at [[Tsarskoye Selo]], then later in the [[Governor's Mansion (Tobolsk, Russia)|Governor's Mansion]] in [[Tobolsk]], and finally at the [[Ipatiev House]] in [[Yekaterinburg]]. Nicholas II, his wife, his son, his four daughters, the family's medical doctor, the Emperor's tsjinstfeint, the Empress' [[maidservant]], and the family's cook were killed in the same room by the [[Bolsjewiken]] yn de nacht fan 16/17 july 1918. This led to the [[kanonisaasje]] fan Nikolaas II, syn frou Aleksandra en harren bern asmartelders by various groups tied to the [[Russysk Ortodokske Tsjerke]] within Russia and, prominently, outside Russia.
== Húshâlding ==
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De ienige soan fan Nikolaas en Aleksandra, troanopfolger Aleksej, hie te lijen fan [[hemofily]], in erflike bloedsykte dy't net better koe. Dêrom helle de famylje de muonts en sinistere wonderdoener [[Grigori Raspoetin]] yn'e hûs dy't rillegau in grutte ynfloed krije soe, fral op de tsarina. Dat joech in protte ferset by de ealju en Raspoetin waard sa yn desimber [[1916]] deadien troch in tal Russyske eallju.
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